Table 1
Summary of I-V parameters for typical modules for Iguatama, Três Marias, and Itaguara power plants highlighting albedos and bifacial gains.
| Average Albedo | Area (m2) | Voc (V) | Isc (A) | FF | Vmax (V) | Imax (A) | Pmax (Wp) | Efficiency (%) | Bifacial Gain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iguatama Bifacial (tracking) (Rating 590 Wp; 20.8% efficiency; bifaciality factor: 70% ± 5%) | ||||||||||
| Total Module | – | 2.83 | 44.56 | 18.65 | 0.754 | 35.73 | 17.53 | 626.3 | 22.1 | 6.2% |
| Front | – | 2.83 | 42.95 | 16.58 | 0.775 | 35.09 | 15.73 | 551.9 | 19.5 | – |
| Rear (normal reddish ground/vegetation cover) |
0.11 | 2.83 | 38.96 | 0.86 | 0.694 | 35.96 | 0.65 | 23.2 | – | – |
| Três Marias (tracking) (Rating 395 Wp − Monofacial; 405 Wp; 20% − Bifacial, bifaciality factor 75%) | ||||||||||
| A. Monofacial | N/A | 2.01 | 43.18 | 9.61 | 0.73 | 33.6 | 8.95 | 300.7 | 19.4 | NA |
| B. Bifacial (normal reddish ground with vegetation cover) |
0.20 | 2.01 | 43.69 | 11.47 | 0.75 | 34.61 | 10.86 | 375.9 | 18.7 | 7.0% |
| C. Bifacial (white organic sheet) |
0.55 | 2.01 | 43.17 | 11.93 | 0.76 | 33.78 | 11.52 | 389.2 | 19.4 | 7.3% |
| Itaguara Bifacial (non-tracking) (Rating: 590 Wp; 649 Wp with 10% rear power gain) | ||||||||||
| A. Bifacial (combination brownish ground and vegetation cover) | ||||||||||
| Total Module | 0.03-0.05 | 2.83 | 42.60 | 17.87 | 0.76 | 34.2 | 16.85 | 576.3 | 20.4 | 0.5% |
| Front | – | 2.83 | 42.71 | 17.74 | 0.76 | 34.33 | 16.71 | 573.6 | 20.3 | – |
| B. Bifacial (crushed white stones) | ||||||||||
| Total Module | 0.40 | 2.83 | 42.34 | 18.03 | 0.76 | 34.71 | 17.14 | 594.9 | 21.0 | 3.7% |
| Front | – | 2.83 | 42.71 | 17.74 | 0.76 | 34.33 | 16.71 | 573.6 | 20.3 | – |
| C. Bifacial (white organic sheet) | ||||||||||
| Total Module | 0.50 | 2.83 | 42.91 | 18.15 | 0.78 | 34.88 | 17.29 | 603.1 | 21.3 | 5.1% |
| Front | – | 2.83 | 42.71 | 17.74 | 0.76 | 34.33 | 16.71 | 573.6 | 20.3 | – |
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