Multiscale approaches to high efficiency photovoltaics James Patrick Connolly, Lejo J. Koduvelikulathu, Denis Mencaraglia, Julio C. Rimada, Ahmed Nejim and Guillermo Sanchez Renew. Energy Environ. Sustain., 1 (2016) 6 Published online: 20 May 2016 DOI: 10.1051/rees/2016006