Open Access
Table 6
Summary of the main barriers to the expansion of wind energy in Brazil.
| Specific Barrier | Solution | Classification | Complexity |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lack of information and knowledge | Development of a private database. | Wind Sector | Low |
| High transaction costs | Government should invest in upgrading and building efficient power transmission system and Coordination between new wind farms auctions and new transmission lines construction. | Brazil | High |
| Favoring conventional energy (subsidies) | Eliminate subsidies to conventional energy sources | Brazil | Medium |
| Non-accountability of externalities | Increase subsides to Renewable Energy to encourage investments and stimulate growth. | Brazil | Medium |
| High initial capital cost | Provide Investment in R&D for wind energy and get financing from green funds (lower interest rates) | Wind Sector | Medium |
| Unstable macroeconomic environment | Monitor the exchange rate variation and choose the best time to buy foreign devices. | Brazil | High |
| Lack of legal regulatory framework | Reduce Bureaucracy in the licensing process in Brazil −should be an agile and simple procedure. | Brazil | High |
| Lack of research and development culture | Increase investment in R&D and partnerships with foreign manufacturers to improve the adaptation of technology to local winds. | Wind Sector | Medium |
| Lack of government interest and/or commitment | Press the government to reinstate auctions on a regular basis and to improve transmission infrastructure auctions. | Brazil | High |
| System restrictions | Similar to high transaction costs (see above). | Brazil | High |
| Lack of social acceptance | Creation of a voluntary code of conduct and investment in local social projects. | Wind Sector | Low |
| Uncertainty of government policies | Similar to lack of government interest and/or commitment (see above) | Brazil | High |
| Lack of infrastructure | Similar to high transaction costs (see above). | Brazil | High |
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