Open Access
Table 1
HOMER Pro simulator inputs (data, parameters and assumptions).
| Design parameters and factors | Proposed solar PV system |
|---|---|
| Average daily load in Wh (4 * 2 * 6 h + 8 * 1 * 4 h) | 80 Wh |
| Energy required from the solar PV panel estimation for average daily radiation (5.18 kWh/m2/day) [18], SPV panel price ∼$1 US/Wp | Load Wh/(0.585 * average peak sun hours) |
| 26.4 Wp | |
| ∼30 Wp | |
| DC charging regulator charges the battery and the lantern during the day, supply the LED lights only during the night | Overcharge protection circuit |
| Local made/imported | |
| Battery size for 3 days autonomy | (Daily load Wh * 3/12 V)/(ὴBattery * DoD) |
| Battery efficiency ὴBatteryis = 80% and DoD = 50% | 50 Ah |
| Iraqi local market prices [19] | Price ∼ $60 US |
| Nominal interest rate/inflation rate in Iraq [20] | 6%/2% |
| Project proposed lifetime (estimated PV panel lifetime) | 25 years |
| Solar PV panel and DC charging regulator lifetime | 25 years |
| Low maintenance battery lifetime (sealed lead-acid) | 5 years |
| Yearly operating and maintenance cost in USD (e.g. cleaning) | $5 |
| Installation, panel frame and wiring cost in USD | $50 |
| 4 W LED globe (number/total cost USD/life time in years) | 2/$8/10 years |
| 8 W solar rechargeable lantern (number/total cost USD/lifetime in years) | 1/$15/3 years |
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